By Zack Beauchamp on Aug 2, 2012 at 10:21 am
In making his controversial argument
that “culture” was the main reason Israelis were wealthier than
Palestinians, Mitt Romney cited two authors who had written major works
on the wealth of nations, Daniel Landes and Jared Diamond. The latter took to the New York Times
op-ed page on Thursday to clear the record, saying Romney’s account of
his argument was wildly inaccurate. While Romney saw Diamond as arguing
that “physical characteristics of the land” like iron deposits were the
key determinants of a nation’s success, Diamond’s book Guns, Germs, and Steel
instead emphasizes water access, local plant and animal life, and
geographical features like latitude as being determinative. Diamond
calls Romney’s interpretation “so different from what my book actually
says that I have to doubt whether Mr. Romney read it.”
But, in Diamond’s view, this misrepresentation isn’t “the worst
part.” Rather, it was his reduction of an immensely complex subject to a
simplistic, one-word explanation:
Even scholars who emphasize social rather than
geographic explanations — like the Harvard economist David S. Landes,
whose book “The Wealth and Poverty of Nations” was mentioned favorably
by Mr. Romney — would find Mr. Romney’s statement that “culture makes
all the difference” dangerously out of date. In fact, Mr.
Landes analyzed multiple factors (including climate) in explaining why
the industrial revolution first occurred in Europe and not elsewhere.
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